Correct!
2. Mycobacterium chelonei
3. Mycobacterium fotuitum

Achalasia has been associated with the rapidly growing non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium (NTM) of which M. Chelonei and fortuitum are two (3-7). These organisms grow on culture plates in less than seven days while Mycobaterium tuberculosis and the atypical Mycobacterium kansasii and avium-intracullarle take longer to grow. The classical symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis such as fever, night sweats and weight loss are uncommon in these patients. The most common radiological finding seen in patients with achalasia and NTM is basal consolidation which is often similar to aspiration pneumonia. Cavitation and upper lobe involvement are quite uncommon. Treatment of NTM is different from M. tuberculosis. The rapidly growing Mycobacteria are usually susceptible to macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and sulphonamides. Treatment duration is recommended for 9–12 months.

References

  1. Mancini MC. Blunt chest trauma. Medscape 2012. Availabe at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/428723-overview#a1 (accessed 8/6/13).
  2. Allaix ME. Achalasia. Medscape 2013. Available at: http://reference.medscape.com/article/169974-overview#aw2aab6b2b5 (accessed 8/6/13).
  3. Banerjee R, Hall R, Hughes GR. Pulmonary Mycobacterium fortuitum infection in association with achalasia of the oesophagus. Case report and review of the literature. Br J Dis Chest. 1970;64(2):112-8. [CrossRef]
  4. Church AC, Watkin S. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria masquerading as aspiration pneumonia in patients with gastrointestinal problems. Respir Med. 2006;100(9):1663-5. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 
  5. Hadjiliadis D, Adlakha A, Prakash UB. Rapidly growing mycobacterial lung infection in association with esophageal disorders. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999;74(1):45-51.
    [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  6. Howard RS 2nd, Woodring JH, Vandiviere HM, Dillon ML. Mycobacterium fortuitum pulmonary infection complicating achalasia. South Med J. 1991;84(11):1391-3. [CrossRef]
  7. Aronchick JM, Miller WT, Epstein DM, Gefter WB. Association of achalasia and pulmonary mycobacterium fortuitum infection. Radiology. 1986;160(1):85-6. [PubMed]  

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