Correct!
5. All of the above.

A subset of patients with constrictive pericarditis undergo spontaneous resolution of constrictive pericarditis or respond to medical therapy (17%) (5). A high degree of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) of the pericardium on CMR appears promising as a way to predict which patients with constrictive pericarditis will have reversal or resolution of the process and not require pericardectomy.

Our patient was medically managed with diuresis which resulted in a 20 lb weight loss and improvement in his symptoms, cardiac examination and chest x-ray (Figure 4).

Figure 4. PA (Panel A) and lateral (Panel B) chest x-ray after diuresis.

Because his gadolinium uptake was high in his pericardium, he is beginning a 3 week course of prednisone.

References

  1. Januzzi JL, van Kimmenade R, Lainchbury J, Bayes-Genis A, Ordonez-Llanos J, Santalo-Bel M, Pinto YM, Richards M. NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: an international pooled analysis of 1256 patients: the International Collaborative of NT-proBNP Study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(3):330-7.
  2. Kantoff PW, Taplin ME, Smith JA. Clinical presentation and diagnosis of prostate cancer. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-presentation-and-diagnosis-of-prostate-cancer (accessed 2-8-13).
  3. Sanderson JE. Heart failure with a normal ejection fraction. Heart. 2007;93(2):155-8.
  4. Light RW. Pleural effusions. Med Clin North Am. 2011;95(6):1055-70.
  5. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy CW. 2009 focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation. 2009;119(14):e391-479.
  6. Khandaker MH, Espinosa RE, Nishimura RA, Sinak LJ, Hayes SN, Melduni RM, Oh JK. Pericardial disease: diagnosis and management. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(6):572-93.
  7. Haley JH, Tajik AJ, Danielson GK, Schaff HV, Mulvagh SL, Oh JK. Transient constrictive pericarditis: causes and natural history. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(2):271-5.
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